Image credit: Gage Skidmore, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Last Friday, VICE News published an article with an unusually pointed statement by a spokesperson for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints against Tim Ballard, the popular Latter-day Saint founder of Operation Underground Railroad (OUR). It indicated that Tim Ballard had ‘betrayed [his] friendship” with President M. Russell Ballard, acting president of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. The violation was “the unauthorized use of President Ballard’s name for Tim Ballard’s personal advantage and activity regarded as morally unacceptable… President Ballard never authorized his name, or the name of the Church, to be used for Tim’s personal or financial interests.”

Tim Ballard did not take the news well, decrying the Church’s accusation with a public monologue to a Boston group on Saturday. On Monday, VICE News reporters published a follow-up article, reporting on breaking news by Lynn Packer that Tim Ballard was accused of sexual misconduct with multiple women in connection with his undercover operations. Great articles by both reporters and scholars dealing with this newer information in light of the Church’s previous statement were published on Monday.

Some suggest the sexual misconduct was the “morally unacceptable” activity mentioned in the Church’s statement. I don’t think so.

Typically, Church leaders prefer not to comment on problematic behavior by church members. Correction is left to local leaders, which is why Tim Ballard mentioned asking his local leaders, bishop and stake president, if they were aware of the Church’s charges (they weren’t). There are a few times in recent memory, however, when the Church made it publicly known that they were unhappy with apparent active members in good standing. The common elements are that (1) the individuals had large followings, and (2) they used Church teachings to justify behavior embarassing to the institution. The public affairs department thus used statements (usually prompted by media inquiries) to protect themselves from imminent PR nightmares. Let’s look at two examples.

Ammon Bundy and the Malheur Wildlife Refuge Occupation (2016)

At the beginning of January 2016, Latter-day Saint Ammon Bundy led a group of militia members attending a nearby rally to the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge in Oregon and occupied it for several weeks. This was prompted by frustration over the arrests of two ranchers on arson charges earlier in 2015. When an Oregon Public Broadcasting (OPB) reporter asked one of the militia members for his name, he replied, “I’m Captain Moroni, from Utah.” OPB published an article by John Sepulvado on 3 January 2016 explaining the scriptural reference, “Explainer: The Bundy Militia’s Particular Brand of Mormonism” (Archived version). Predictably, Church HQ was not happy about the subsequent requests for comment. Their media statement was brief, but pointed.

In response to news media inquiries, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints issued the following statement Monday, January 4 (for more context on this issue, see this story from the Washington Post):
While the disagreement occurring in Oregon about the use of federal lands is not a Church matter, Church leaders strongly condemn the armed seizure of the facility and are deeply troubled by the reports that those who have seized the facility suggest that they are doing so based on scriptural principles. This armed occupation can in no way be justified on a scriptural basis. We are privileged to live in a nation where conflicts with government or private groups can — and should — be settled using peaceful means, according to the laws of the land.

“Church Responds to Inquiries Regarding Oregon Armed Occupation,” Newsroom, 4 January 2016

Multiple news outlets covered the Church’s response, putting it in the context of the militia members’ claim of divine justification.

Ayla Stewart and Unite the Right at Charlottesville (2017)

In August 2017, many alt-right groups, including white nationalists and white supremacists, gathered to Charlottesville, Virginia, “to protest the planned removal of a statue of Confederate General Robert E. Lee.” One of the invited speakers at this “Unite the Right” rally was Latter-day Saint blogger Ayla Stewart, a.k.a. “Wife With a Purpose.” Stewart was a darling of the alt-right, having risen to prominence in tradwife and white nationalist circles. She issued a tongue-in-cheek “white baby challenge” on Twitter in March 2017 which garnered media attention. Tribune reporter Peggy Stack summarized Ayla’s views at the time: “Mormonism is doomed if it continues to celebrate racial and ethnic diversity, to support refugees and immigrant families, and to debase Western, white culture.”

Due to the violence at the August rally, Ayla Stewart was unable to participate. When the church issued a statement on 13 August 2017 condemning the racial violence at Charlottesville, Ayla Stewart was pleased. As our own Andrew S reported, the Church’s initial statement was intentionally ambiguous. (Andrew called these historic statements on race “Roschach Revelations.”) Ayla Stewart retweeted the Church’s statement, commenting “The #LDS church teachings are clear, you cannot be anti white and a follower of Christ. We are ALL God’s children!” Church leaders were apparently disturbed enough by this particular interpretation that they amended their statement on August 15th to clarify that “Church members who promote or pursue a “white culture” or white supremacy agenda are not in harmony with the teachings of the Church.”

UPDATE: Tuesday, August 15, 2017

The Church has released the following statement:

It has been called to our attention that there are some among the various pro-white and white supremacy communities who assert that the Church is neutral toward or in support of their views. Nothing could be further from the truth. In the New Testament, Jesus said: “Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. This is the first and great commandment. And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself” (Matthew 22:37–39). The Book of Mormon teaches “all are alike unto God” (2 Nephi 26:33).

White supremacist attitudes are morally wrong and sinful, and we condemn them. Church members who promote or pursue a “white culture” or white supremacy agenda are not in harmony with the teachings of the Church.

Sunday, August 13, 2017

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints released the following statement Sunday, August 13, 2017:

It is with great sadness and deep concern that we view the violence, conflict and tragedy of recent days in Charlottesville, Virginia. People of any faith, or of no faith at all, should be troubled by the increase of intolerance in both words and actions that we see everywhere.

More than a decade ago, the late Church President Gordon B. Hinckley (1910-2008) addressed the topic of racism when speaking to members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. He powerfully and clearly taught this principle: “No man who makes disparaging remarks concerning those of another race can consider himself a true disciple of Christ. Nor can he consider himself to be in harmony with the teachings of the Church of Christ.” For members of the Church, we reaffirm that teaching today and the Savior’s admonition to love our neighbor.

Our prayers are with those who are suffering because of this intolerance and hatred. We pray for peace and for understanding. Above all, we pray that we may treat one another with greater kindness, compassion and goodness.

“Church Issues Statement on Situation in Charlottesville, Virginia,” Newsroom, 15 August 2017.

Ayla did not take the amended statement well. “This is a dark day. The day the LDS church turned it’s back on its white members.”

Tim Ballard — what’s the Church worried about?

Circling back to Tim Ballard, what could be the potential PR disaster? It’s clear that Friday’s statement was intended to distance both Elder Ballard and the Church from any association with Tim Ballard and OUR.

President Ballard never authorized his name, or the name of the Church, to be used for Tim’s personal or financial interests. In addition, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints never endorsed, supported or represented OUR, Tim Ballard or any projects associated with them.

Actions following the statement reinforced the Church’s distancing from Tim Ballard. On Saturday, two articles referencing him and Operation Underground Railroad were scrubbed from the Church’s website: “Saving Children: Time Ballard and Operation Underground Railroad” (17 March 2015) and “We Had to Seek God” (Global Histories, Haiti, Stories of Faith, unknown date).

Curiously, the Church’s for-profit bookseller and publisher, Deseret Book, still has many of Tim Ballard’s products available to purchase. Online orders are limited to ebooks and audiobook mp3 files, but physical copies and audiobook CDs are still showing in stock at some brick and mortar stores. Although publication by (and sale at) Deseret Book does not indicate Church endorsement, it implies consistency with current Church norms.

  • Timothy Ballard, The Lincoln Hypothesis: A Mordern-Day Abolitionist Investigates the Possible Connection Between Joseph Smith, the Book of Mormon, and Abraham Lincoln, published by Deseret Book Company (2014, 2016)
  • Timothy Ballard, The Washington Hypothesis: A Modern-day Investigator Explores the Possible Connection Between American Covenant, Latter-day Temples, and George Washington, published by Deseret Book Company (2016)
  • Timothy Ballard, The Pilgrim Hypothesis: Exploring the Possible Connections Between the Restoration of the Gospel, the Gathering of Israel, and the Pilgrims Founded America, published by Covenant Communications (2020)
  • Timothy Ballard, The American Covenant: One Nation Under God: Vol. 1: Discovery Through Revolution, published by Digital Legend (2011, 2020, 2023)
  • Timothy Ballard, The American Covenant: One Nation Under God: Vol. 2: The Constitution, the Civil War, and Our Fight to Preserve the Covenant Today, published by Digital Legend (2011, 2020, 2023)
  • Timothy Ballard, The Covenant, One Nation Under God: America’s Sacred & Immutable Connection to Ancient Israel, published by Digital Legend (2012) and Legends Library Press (2019)
  • Timothy Ballard, Slave Stealers: True Accounts of Slave Rescues – Then and Now, published by Shadow Mountain (2018)

Notably, Tim Ballard’s books were published under several different imprints of Deseret Book: Deseret Book Company, Covenant Communications, and Shadow Mountain. Also available to purchase on the Deseret Book website are podcast episodes and sermons by Tim Ballard from the Deseret Book-sponsored Time Out for Women events. UPDATE 9/19/23: the podcast episodes & Time Out for Women speeches featuring Tim Ballard (available yesterday from the Deseret Book website) have now been removed. UPDATE 9/25/23: all books by Timothy Ballard have now been removed from the Deseret Book website.

In short, while the Church may claim it “never endorsed, supported or represented OUR, Tim Ballard or any projects associated with them,” for-profit church-owned entities most certainly did (and still do).

Political trouble

With Mitt Romney’s recent retirement announcement, many folks expect Tim Ballard to run for Romney’s Utah senate seat. In a statement late Monday from the Spear Fund, Tim Ballard suggested that the timing of the church’s statement was suspicious given Romney’s statement, Ballard’s “own public comments about [his] prayers about future plans, and the fact that the LDS church does not engage in political activity.” I think Tim Ballard’s right about the Church’s statement being linked to politics.

In the last few months, we’ve had several messages from Church leaders about partisanship and patriotism. In June, a First Presidency letter was directed to be read in sacrament meeting encouraging members to avoid straight-ticket voting. Also in the letter were recommendations to vote for candidates that demonstrate “integrity, compassion, and service to others,” with the Church reserving the right to speak on issues “essential to preserving democracy or the essential functioning of the United States Constitution.”

At the beginning of July, the Utah Area Presidency sent a memo to stakes and wards encouraging them to participate in Utah’s newly designated “American Founders and Constitution Month in September.” The Area presidency requested stakes to “sponsor one patriotic event during the month of September that would (1) rekindle a spirit of patriotism by educating our Saints on the inspired principles of the Constitution… and/or (2) build a spirit of appreciation for our Founding Fathers who were raised up by the Lord.” The area presidency recommended church leaders look towards the nonpartisan “Why I Love America” group for ideas.[fn1] The Salt Lake Tribune pointed out the “Why I Love America” group “includes at least one 2020 election denier and no known Democrats to teach members how to love the U.S. Constitution.” Over at By Common Consent, tax lawyer Sam Brunson voiced similar reservations about the group, highlighting it’s choice of keynote speaker, “a self-styled historian who argues that the U.S. is an explicitly Christian nation.”[fn2]

How does this apply to Tim Ballard? As Ben Park wrote for Slate, “Ballard’s brand of revisionist truth-telling has been especially popular within the LDS community. He wrote a series of books, marketed by the Latter-day Saints publisher Deseret Books, on America’s founding figures—the pilgrims, George Washington, Abraham Lincoln—that utterly dismiss existing scholarship.” What better than a Latter-day Saint who doesn’t just argue for Christian influence on the founding fathers, but secret Latter-day Saint influence? Ballard’s books, as Park noted, postulated “Washington… was visited by the Angel Moroni, the same divine figure who delivered the gold plates to Joseph Smith; Lincoln, conversely, was inspired to write the Emancipation Proclamation after reading the Book of Mormon.”

Earlier this summer, the movie Sound of Freedom, based on Tim Ballard’s life, became a “surprise box office hit” with NPR reporting that the movie was “heavily promoted in conservative media.” A Forbes article similarly reported that the movie brought in “big numbers…thanks to its immense popularity among conservative audiences and promotion by right-wing politicians and media figures ranging from Donald Trump to Sean Hannity.” In the past few years, Tim Ballard accumulated political clout among the more extreme right-wing fringes of the Republican party. His political star is rising.

And, Tim Ballard significantly influenced the thinking of many Latter-day Saints on the role of religion in the nation’s founding, in large part due to his support from the Deseret Book Company. His friendship with church leaders, like President Ballard, confirmed his position as a trusted authority.

If Tim Ballard maintains an image of a member in good standing AND becomes a leading candidate for senate, it will put him on a collision course with church leaders. Like Ammon Bundy and Ayla Stewart, it’s likely Tim Ballard’s overt Christian Nationalism (not to mention QAnon theories) will put the Church in uncomfortable spots having to clarify “official” positions. Unlike Ammon Bundy and Ayla Stewart, Church-affiliated institutions aided Ballard in promoting his religio-political views for many years, making them more difficult for the Church to counter.

[fn1] Our stake held a “Why I Love America” BBQ on 9/11 and had all wards switch to a patriotic theme for services on September 17th. After sacrament meeting, young men dutifully handed out official Why I Love America booklets to each family for home study.

[fn2] Other guests at upcoming “Why I Love America” events include former general church leaders Tad Callister and Bonnie Cordon as well as Utah political figures Chris Stewart (current U.S. Congressional Rep.) and Gary Herbert (former Utah governor). Oh, and singing will be done by the American Heritage School Choir, a conservative institution with ties to current apostle Elder Ronald A. Rasband.