A friend of mine recently returned from a trip in which she met a man whose wife insisted he attend church, despite the fact that he’s not a believer. This might sound familiar to LDS mixed-faith couples, but the wife in this story was Methodist, a much less “high demand” religion. Is the husband able to be his true self in this situation, or is he being asked to show up as a false version of himself? Is the wife being her true self, or is she concerned with putting on a false front to hide her real situation, that she is married to someone who doesn’t share her professed belief?

In her most recent episode, Valerie Hamaker talks about the false self / true self dichotomy, but specifically in the context of the “near enemy” or false versions of good traits. For example, “clinging” is a false version of love, one that our faith’s dynastic salvation (families must be saved together) relies on. In this false version of love, clinging replaces actual love and requires that other family members are monitored for compliance with church norms to prevent the loss of group salvation. It may feel like it is rooted in a good place (a desire for everyone to be saved), but it is rooted in fear, a negative perception of humanity, and a self-centered need to be acceptable to God regardless the burdens placed on others; one’s own salvation is dependent on curtailing the freedom of others. As the saying goes, if you love someone set them free, but if you are substituting “clinging” for love, you cannot allow them to be free. You require their compliance to ensure your own safety and reward.

Often we use superficial markers to try to achieve the aims we seek. For example, a study showed that parents who read to their kids at night had kids with higher test scores and who excelled academically for life, and as a result, there was a real push for parents to read to their kids every night. But these studies didn’t differentiate between causation and correlation. Were kids who lived where reading was prized, homes with shelves full of books, already being primed for academic success? Did they have better nutrition and parental support? Were they genetically or through the wealth associated with better health care positioned to avoid health issues that might disrupt their performance? Likewise, superficial markers can be used to substitute for the “real thing” at church. Can you tell the difference between someone who is spiritual and someone who is religious? Can you tell if someone has a happy, loving family or if they just put on a happy face in public? Can you tell if someone is a true believer or just gives the expected “right” answers? Can you tell if someone is charitable or just does charity (Jesus cautioned that the latter “have their reward” which is the praise of men)?

As Valerie used these psychological terms (true self / false self) I was immediately transported back to my years growing up. My sister and I used to read Grimm’s Fairy Tales to each other at night when we shared a room, including in my first year of college. We didn’t read some cleaned up kiddie version. These were the real deal. These are dark tales that include abuse, cannibalism, incest, and murder. Folk tales like these, that the Grimm brothers compiled, were popular among the German people for hundreds of years, not just because they are salacious and scary, but they also explore psychological topics through metaphor and narrative. There are many themes and tropes that recur in different stories, and one of these is the true bride / false bride. This trope provides an interesting way to evaluate the true self / false self dichotomy.

In the story Maid Maleen, a princess falls in love with a prince, but her father does not approve, perhaps due to his own incestuous jealousy of her affections, and he locks in her in a tower with her maid for seven years. At the end of the seven years, no one comes to let them out, and they eventually escape, only to find the kingdom in ruins. Eventually Maid Maleen finds her prince who is about to marry a different princess, the false bride. In this story, the false bride lacks confidence and sends Maid Maleen to the wedding as a substitute (an unusual twist as the false bride is often a magical being in disguise, deliberately deceiving others, as in East of the Sun, West of the Moon). The prince gives Maleen a necklace, and when he enters the bridal chamber on the wedding night, he realizes that the false bride does not have the necklace and is not the the true bride, the one who reminded him of his lost love Maid Maleen. The false bride has sent an assassin to kill Maid Maleen who is now a threat to her, but the plot is discovered, and the false bride is beheaded.

There’s a Biblical parallel to this Maid Maleen story that you might have immediately recognized. Jacob loves Rachel, but Rachel’s father is concerned that Leah, her older sister, is a spinster. So when the wedding occurs, he substitutes Leah (whom Jacob doesn’t love) for Rachel. Jacob is angry at being deceived and insists on being allowed to marry Rachel, so his wily father-in-law requires him to work seven years to “earn” Rachel. The Biblical story is told from the male perspective, one man cheating another out of labor in order to get rid of his less valuable daughter. The Grimm’s story is centered on the perspective of both the true bride (Maid Maleen) and the false bride. The prince, like Jacob, is prone to be deceived, unable to tell the difference between the identity of his true bride and the false one.

Psychologically, we all sometimes have a hard time distinguishing between our true self and our false self. Jung refers to the false self as one’s persona, the public face we wear for others and in specific situations: the “good neighbor,” the “obedient daughter,” the “good mother,” or even the “good Mormon.” With the advent of social media, we all have developed even more personas or avatars. Your Twitter self might be different than your Wheat & Tares self than your Instagram self. The existence of personas is not in itself unhealthy. Somewhere, beneath all of those social roles, is the true self. The term “true self” in psychology was originally theorized by English psychologist Donald Winnicott. He observed that as an infant grows, its awareness of parental approval and affirmation (as a result of what he termed “bad parenting”) sometimes led to the formation of a false self as a means of survival. If the parents will reject the true self, the false self (crafted to be acceptable to the parents) is substituted so that the child can avoid parental rejection.

Later psychologists expanded on this idea in studying the narcissistic personality. The false self is created to protect the insecure, fragile true self, and in the case of a narcissist, the patient requires that everyone accepts the false self as their true self. The exposure of the true self is a danger they feel (through the experience of abuse) that they must avoid at all cost, even at the loss of the true self. The false self sees the true self as a mortal enemy, one that must be hidden (locked away in a tower?), and others must be deceived to accept the false self and reject the true self. Ultimately, the true self has to find a way to be recognized and accepted for the psychological trauma to resolve.

So often in post-Mormon circles, we see this narrative play out, particularly relative to parental rejection. If the child reveals that they do not share the parents’ beliefs, the child risks rejection. This is also the case with a queer child who “comes out” to family members. The false self is set aside in hope that the true self will be accepted; unfortunately, this doesn’t always happen. Too often, the church is not on the side of the true self nor on the side of parental acceptance; its own goals (member retention and commitment) often rely on the monitoring and control that exists when parents see their own salvation as contingent on their children’s compliance with the “covenant path” rather than on loving their children for who they are.

  • Does the church, in your experience, improve parenting skills or make them dysfunctional? Provide examples.
  • Have you seen this true self / false self dichotomy at play in your own life, family or church?
  • How do you recognize your true self vs. the personas and false self?

Discuss.