I recently listened to Valerie Hamaker’s Latter-day Struggles podcast interview with therapist Liz MacDonald. Liz treats many former LDS patients who are dealing with religious trauma, including difficulty maintaining family relationships with their parents when they no longer share the same religious beliefs. In this first episode in a series talking about Liz MacDonald’s research, they discuss a problem that came up in every interview, parents whose personalities were so consumed by their church identity that they could not connect with their children. There are three facets of this “selfless” parenting that were discussed:

  • Parents not being in touch with their own feelings, desires, joy, or wishes as individuals, instead deferring to the church’s plan for themselves or how the church expects them to feel about these things, what the church has taught them they should want, etc.
  • Parents unable to relate or connect with others on an authentic level because they do not know themselves. You can’t show up for your kids if you never showed up for yourself. You can’t care about them as individuals if you don’t allow yourself to be an individual first.
  • Parents unable to enjoy the present moment because their thoughts are always focused on the future (when their family will be torn apart in the eternities) or the past (what did I do wrong as a parent to cause this)? Interactions that could be enjoyable, like family dinners or trips, are instead full of regret and guilt. Even if parents turn these negative feelings inward, these feelings erode the possibility of a healthy relationship with their kids.

This is by no means exclusively a church-related problem, even though it is pervasive in many families in the church. Many first generation immigrant families share these dynamics. In the movie, The Big Sick, the main character is the son of Pakistani immigrants who have come to America to make a better life for their son with more opportunities. Now that he’s of dating age, they begin to set him up on dates with Pakistani women, but he already has an American girlfriend. He can’t bring himself to tell his parents that he loves and wants to marry his American girlfriend, not a Pakistani stranger, and that he isn’t interested in living a Pakistani lifestyle because he’s an American. Things come to a head with his girlfriend when she finds all the photos of beautiful Pakistani women that his parents have given him, and she realizes that he’s not yet free to be with her because he will have to confront his parents, shattering their dreams for him, and he has so far been unwilling or unable to do so.

I used to observe that some people, where a personality should be, just have the church instead. This “church identity” vs. a personal individuation is something Steve Hassan talks about as being a facet of undue influence that is common in cults (bearing in mind that it can also apply to other cultures as well). Because the affiliation with the group is so strong, the identity required by that group takes the place of the person’s actual individual identity. For people who were raised in the church, they may not have developed their own personality fully because individuation happens as we go through adolescence into young adulthood. It’s one reason that some who leave the church go off the rails a bit, experimenting in the way a teenager normally does. They might think they are “making up for lost time,” but they are also undergoing the phase of individuation that they might have skipped when most people go through it. It’s one reason I was baffled when a college friend suggested that maybe in the Celestial Kingdom we wouldn’t have any individuality: everyone would look and act exactly the same. That sounded like hell to me, not heaven, but it’s also not an outlandish assumption given some church teachings and culture.

It is best understood as a system that disrupts an individual’s healthy identity development. An identity is made up of elements such as beliefs, behavior, thought processes, and emotions that constitute a definite pattern. . . [this] becomes replaced with another identity, often one that they would not have chosen for themself without tremendous social pressure.

Combating Cult Mind Control, Steve Hassan

There was a brief time in my mission when I tried to become exacting in obeying the mission rules, even the ones that really were stupid and made no sense. I was miserable, and it was making me depressed. I asked a fellow missionary what to do about it, and the advice was to both obey the rules but be happy about it. But to do that, I would have had to stop being myself, to instead pretend that I agreed with things I didn’t, to cut out the joy from my life, and living in the present moment. I would have to be ever vigilant for things that weren’t important to me. I gave it up after a few more days, and I was much happier (and more successful) after that.

At the time, I kept thinking about Steve Martin’s short story The Cruel Shoes, in which a customer in a shoe store looking for something truly special and unique is shown the exclusive “cruel shoes” that are forced on her feet, held together by razor blades and tape, pointing the toes in impossible directions, breaking and ruining her feet in the process of putting them on. She looks at her bloody feet in the store mirror and says “I like them,” pays the sales person, and crawls out of the store. Later in the day, the store clerk is heard telling another customer “Well, that’s everything in the store, unless you’d like to see the Cruel Shoes…”

When a parent doesn’t have a fully differentiated personality or has trained him/herself to be truly “selfless,” with an identity defined by duty to the church rather than by personal interests, values, and views that are separate from those dictated by the church, they may find it disorienting when their child, as a burgeoning adult, begins to develop their own uniquely individual personality that deviates from the church’s dictates. A parent who is uncomfortable with a child’s development into adulthood, and the differentiation that accompanies that development, may find it jarring because they have not allowed themselves to differentiate.

Additionally, a parent who has not differentiated from a church-identity will be unable to truly connect with other people including their children. Liz MacDonald shares an example of parents who are unable to express affection or emotion unless it is in the context of “church-centered spirituality.” She shares the example of a father whose interactions with his children are all “PPIs” (personal priesthood interviews) in which he asks intrusive questions in a “presiding” role rather than inviting confidences through mutual sharing and affection. When parents are not differentiated individuals, they instead become church gate-keepers, assessing their children on a set of church-approved, conditional worthiness tests. If children don’t pass these tests, approval and affection are withdrawn, either overtly or subtly, to encourage the (adult) child to comply with the church’s wishes (which the parent pretends are their own wishes, but these parents are not in touch with their own desires and feelings–they feel duty-bound to uphold the church’s standards over what their own might have been if they were in touch with their own feelings).

These relationships are very unhealthy, strained, and controlling; trust is demanded by these parents, but has not been earned. Liz mentioned that several children went to great lengths to pretend to conform for the sake of their parents, pretending to believe, wearing an undershirt to look like garments, or even studying church lessons to be able to “pass” as a believer at family dinners, despite not attending church in their private lives. All this work by these adult children is done to protect these fragile parents and to preserve the illusion of harmonious relationships, but these are not good relationships. Everyone involved loses out.

Which brings us to the final point, that parents who have these issues are generally incapable of living in the present moment because they have been programmed to be so completely focused on “eternal” families, that they destroy the relationships they could be having right here and now. Instead they obsess over what will happen when we die, starting the grieving process now, even though their living child is right in front of them, trying to connect. Or they obsess about what they could have done differently as a parent that would have resulted in more “faithful” children. Nobody wants to be in an eternal relationship with that. It sounds like actual hell.

It seems to me that most of the parenting advice I have heard from Church leaders, while well-meaning, is worse than my own instincts as a parent. There is a lot of fear-mongering and focusing on eternity rather than what’s right in front of us. Additionally, when we insert a monitor (like the church) into our interactions with other people, even if we only do so mentally, it makes it difficult to show up as a real person. As parents, we want our kids to be good people, to have healthy relationships of support with their friends and partners, and to be able to support themselves even after we are gone. We want them to be able to live happy lives that bring them meaning and joy. When the church tries to highjack that into “and the only way you can do that is…” then we start down a path that it’s hard to turn back from, alienating our kids and teaching them that parental love is conditional, and they are under constant scrutiny. It’s impossible to pass these parental tests, and eventually, kids will be so exhausted of these hoops they must jump through that they will simply quit visiting, quit calling, and focus instead on their own lives.

  • Do you see any of these parenting traits in yourself or your parents?
  • Have you struggled with a church personality that didn’t match your real wishes and identity?
  • Does this explanation give you more patience for those who are out of touch with themselves, instead taking on a false identity that conforms to the church’s norms?
  • What could the church do to create better parents? Will it, or is it too focused on member retention to allow for healthy non-fear-based relationships?
  • Are/were your own parents like this description? Can you think of times when they allowed themselves to be authentic? How did you deal with it?

Discuss.